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　　通風(fēng)管道安裝涉及測量、切割、連接、固定等多個環(huán)節(jié)，每個環(huán)節(jié)都需要專用工具配合，以保證安裝精度與效率，以下是具體的工具分類及用途說明。

　　The installation of ventilation ducts involves multiple stages such as measurement, cutting, connection, and fixation, each of which requires specialized tools to ensure installation accuracy and efficiency. The following are specific tool classifications and usage instructions.

　　測量與放線工具是安裝的基礎(chǔ)。卷尺（3 米至 5 米規(guī)格）用于測量管道長度、間距及安裝位置的尺寸，確保管道布局符合設(shè)計要求；直角尺可輔助檢測管道切口是否垂直、法蘭是否與管道軸線垂直，保證連接面平整；線墜與水平儀用于校準(zhǔn)管道的垂直度和水平度，避免安裝后出現(xiàn)傾斜，影響氣流順暢；墨斗則用于在墻面、地面標(biāo)記管道走向和固定點(diǎn)位置，為后續(xù)安裝提供基準(zhǔn)線。這些工具需定期檢查精度，確保測量數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)確。

　　Measurement and laying tools are the foundation of installation. A tape measure (3 to 5 meters in size) is used to measure the length, spacing, and installation position of pipelines to ensure that the pipeline layout meets the design requirements; A square ruler can assist in detecting whether the pipeline incision is vertical and whether the flange is perpendicular to the pipeline axis, ensuring a smooth connection surface; The plumb bob and spirit level are used to calibrate the verticality and levelness of the pipeline, avoiding tilting after installation and affecting the smooth airflow; Ink fountain is used to mark the direction of pipelines and fixed point positions on walls and floors, providing a reference line for subsequent installation. These tools require regular precision checks to ensure accurate measurement data.

　　切割與成型工具用于管道加工。對于金屬材質(zhì)的通風(fēng)管道（如鍍鋅鋼板），常用電動剪或手動剪進(jìn)行直線切割，曲線部位則需使用曲線剪，確保切口光滑無毛刺；咬口機(jī)是制作管道連接接口的關(guān)鍵工具，能將鋼板邊緣壓制成不同類型的咬口（如單咬口、聯(lián)合角咬口），使管道拼接緊密；壓筋機(jī)可在管道表面壓制加強(qiáng)筋，增強(qiáng)管道的整體剛度，防止運(yùn)行時因氣流振動產(chǎn)生變形；對于圓形管道，還需用到卷圓機(jī)，將平板卷制成所需直徑的圓筒，保證圓度均勻。切割工具需保持刀刃鋒利，避免因切割不暢導(dǎo)致切口變形。

　　Cutting and forming tools are used for pipeline processing. For metal ventilation ducts (such as galvanized steel plates), electric or manual scissors are commonly used for straight cutting, while curved parts require curved scissors to ensure smooth and burr free cuts; The biting machine is a key tool for making pipeline connection interfaces, which can press the edges of steel plates into different types of biting (such as single biting and joint corner biting), making the pipeline splicing tight; The reinforcing bar press can press reinforcing bars on the surface of the pipeline, enhancing the overall stiffness of the pipeline and preventing deformation caused by airflow vibration during operation; For circular pipelines, a rolling machine is also needed to roll the flat plate into a cylinder of the required diameter to ensure uniform roundness. The cutting tool should keep the blade sharp to avoid deformation of the incision due to poor cutting.

　　連接與固定工具用于管道組裝。手電鉆和沖擊鉆是打孔的必備工具，手電鉆用于在管道或法蘭上鉆孔，以便安裝螺栓；沖擊鉆則適用于在墻體、樓板等結(jié)構(gòu)上打孔，用于固定管道支架。扳手類工具（活動扳手、套筒扳手）用于緊固法蘭螺栓、支架膨脹螺栓等，不同規(guī)格的扳手需搭配使用，確保螺栓擰緊力度均勻。螺絲刀（一字、十字）用于安裝支架上的固定螺絲、調(diào)節(jié)閥門的連接部件等。對于較大直徑的管道，可能需要起重工具（如手拉葫蘆、三腳架）輔助搬運(yùn)和就位，確保管道在連接過程中保持穩(wěn)定，避免因重力導(dǎo)致接口錯位。

　　Connection and fixing tools are used for pipeline assembly. Hand drills and impact drills are essential tools for drilling holes. Hand drills are used to drill holes in pipelines or flanges for installing bolts; Impact drills are suitable for drilling holes in structures such as walls and floors to secure pipe supports. Wrench tools (adjustable wrench, socket wrench) are used to tighten flange bolts, bracket expansion bolts, etc. Different sizes of wrenches need to be used in combination to ensure even tightening of bolts. Screwdrivers (straight or cross) are used to install fixed screws on brackets, adjust valve connecting components, etc. For larger diameter pipelines, lifting tools such as chain hoists and tripods may be required to assist in handling and positioning, ensuring that the pipeline remains stable during the connection process and avoiding interface misalignment due to gravity.

　　密封與修整工具用于提升管道性能。密封膠槍用于將密封膠均勻涂抹在管道接口、法蘭墊片等部位，增強(qiáng)連接處的氣密性，防止漏風(fēng)；玻璃膠刮刀可將涂抹后的密封膠刮平，使表面整潔且密封效果更佳。鏨子和錘子用于修整管道切口的毛刺、凸起，或調(diào)整法蘭的平整度，避免尖銳部位劃破保溫層或影響密封。銼刀（粗銼、細(xì)銼）則用于精細(xì)打磨切口，使金屬邊緣光滑，防止安裝時劃傷操作人員或密封材料。

　　Sealing and trimming tools are used to improve pipeline performance. The sealant gun is used to evenly apply sealant to pipeline interfaces, flange gaskets, and other areas to enhance the airtightness of the connection and prevent air leakage; The glass glue scraper can smooth out the applied sealant, making the surface clean and the sealing effect better. Chisel and hammer are used to trim burrs and protrusions on pipeline cuts, or adjust the flatness of flanges to avoid sharp areas scratching the insulation layer or affecting sealing. A file (coarse file, fine file) is used to finely polish the incision, making the metal edge smooth and preventing scratches on the operator or sealing material during installation.

　　檢測與調(diào)試工具用于驗證安裝質(zhì)量。風(fēng)壓檢測儀可測量管道內(nèi)部的風(fēng)壓損失，判斷是否存在漏風(fēng)點(diǎn)；煙霧發(fā)生器能通過釋放煙霧觀察氣流走向，檢查管道是否通暢、有無堵塞；卷尺和塞尺配合使用，可檢測法蘭之間的間隙是否均勻，確保墊片受力平衡。此外，對講機(jī)便于安裝團(tuán)隊在不同樓層或區(qū)域間溝通，協(xié)調(diào)吊裝、定位等操作，提高施工效率。

　　Testing and debugging tools are used to verify installation quality. The wind pressure detector can measure the wind pressure loss inside the pipeline and determine whether there are air leakage points; The smoke generator can observe the direction of airflow by releasing smoke, and check whether the pipeline is unobstructed and not blocked; The combination of tape measure and feeler gauge can detect whether the gap between flanges is uniform, ensuring that the gasket is balanced in force. In addition, walkie talkies facilitate communication between installation teams on different floors or areas, coordinate lifting, positioning and other operations, and improve construction efficiency.

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